Four Typical Hydrodynamic Bearings and Their Operating Environments

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Hydrodynamic bearings are essential components in high-precision machinery, especially in machine tool spindles. These bearings rely on the motion of the rotating shaft to generate a thin oil film that supports the load and reduces friction. There are several types of hydrodynamic bearings, each designed for specific operating conditions. Below are four common types and their typical applications: 1. **Deep and Shallow Cavity Hydrodynamic Bearings** These bearings are ideal for high-speed, light-load applications such as cylindrical grinding machines like M1432 and MGA6025. They provide excellent stability and minimal wear at high rotational speeds. 2. **Torus-shaped Hole Hydrodynamic Bearings** Designed for medium-speed and medium-load environments, these bearings are commonly used in grinding operations such as MG1432 cylindrical grinders and roll grinders. They offer good balance between performance and durability. 3. **Pin-type Internal Reaction Hydrodynamic Bearings** Suitable for spindles that experience variable loads and speeds, this type is often found in heavy-duty machining equipment. Its internal reaction design helps maintain stability even under fluctuating conditions. 4. **Conical Hydrostatic Bearings** These bearings are typically used in high-speed internal grinding heads (such as the 2110 internal grinding head), electric spindles, and internal channel grinders. They provide superior precision and stability due to their hydrostatic support system. **Important Application Notes:** - After one year of normal operation, replace the 2# spindle oil and both coarse and fine filters. - When refilling the pump station with oil, always use a three-layer silk cloth filter to ensure clean lubrication. - When loading or unloading the spindle pulley and grinding wheel, make sure the pump station is running. This ensures the spindle is floating on the static pressure oil, protecting it from damage. - Before starting the grinding wheel spindle, check that the pump station pressure and the static pressure of the grinding head are within the standard range. - When stopping the equipment, first turn off the grinding head motor, wait until the grinding wheel stabilizes, and then shut down the pump station. This prevents damage to the grinding head. - When replacing any parts on the pump station, first remove the high-pressure oil inlet hose joint. After replacement, allow the oil circuit to self-circulate for 15–20 minutes before reconnecting the oil line to the grinding head. This ensures that only ultra-clean, finely filtered oil reaches the spindle. By following these guidelines, you can extend the life of your hydrodynamic bearings and improve the performance of your machine tools.

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