Fertilizers, pesticides and hormones are the main means of production for agricultural production, playing an important role in ensuring agricultural production and farmers' income. With the development of society, in order to improve labor efficiency and increase economic efficiency, farmers often mix and apply two or more kinds of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and hormones in production. Scientific and rational mixing can improve the efficiency of work, fertilizer and efficacy; blind mixing will invalidate or even cause harm. This article gives a brief introduction to the principles to be followed when mixing chemical fertilizers, pesticides and hormones, and the precautions for mixing.
1. Principles for the mixing of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and hormones
First, after mixing, the original physical and chemical properties can be maintained, and the fertilizer effect, drug effect and hormone can be exerted; secondly, no chemical reaction such as acid-base neutralization, precipitation, hydrolysis, salting out, etc. occurs; The mixture does not produce toxic effects on crops. Fourth, the components in the mixture are more consistent in the efficacy time, application site and use object, and can fully exert their respective effects. Fifth, in the absence of certainty, the test can be carried out in a small range, and it can be mixed when it proves that there is no adverse effect.
Second, fertilizer, pesticides, hormones mixed matters needing attention
Fertilizer and pesticide mixture In general, solid pesticides and fertilizers can be directly mixed, the requirements are not very strict, and solid-liquid mixing or liquid-liquid mixing should first consider the possible changes after mixing, so the following aspects should be paid attention to the mixing of fertilizers : First, alkaline pesticides such as Bordeaux mixture, stone sulphur mixture, rosin mixture, etc. cannot be mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer or ammonium superphosphate such as ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride, otherwise ammonia volatilization or precipitation may occur. , thereby reducing fertilizer efficiency; second, alkaline fertilizers such as ammonia, lime, grass ash can not be with trichlorfon, dimethoate, acesulfame, methamidophos, thiophanate, gangidomycin, carbendazim, leaf è‰, Pesticides such as pyrethroid insecticides are used in combination because most organophosphorus pesticides are prone to decomposition failure under alkaline conditions. Third, chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with microbial pesticides because chemical fertilizers are volatile and corrosive. If they are mixed with microbial pesticides such as acaricidal bacteria and green worms, they are easy to kill microorganisms and reduce the control effect. Fourth, arsenic-containing pesticides cannot be mixed with potassium salts or sodium salts. For example, if calcium arsenate or aluminum arsenate is mixed with potassium salts or sodium salts, soluble arsenic may be produced, thereby causing phytotoxicity. In all the mixed use of fertilizers, the most mixed fertilizers and herbicides, followed by pesticides, and less fungicides.
Mixing chemical fertilizers with chemical fertilizers First, superphosphate cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash, lime nitrogen, lime, etc., otherwise it will reduce the effectiveness of phosphorus; phosphate mineral powder, bone powder and other insoluble phosphate fertilizers can not be combined with plant ash, lime nitrogen, lime Alkaline fertilizers are mixed, otherwise the organic acids in the soil are neutralized, making the insoluble phosphates more difficult to dissolve and the crops cannot be absorbed. Second, alkaline fertilizers such as calcium magnesium phosphate can not be mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, because alkaline fertilizer mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer will increase ammonia volatilization and reduce losses. Third, chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with bacterial fertilizers because they have strong water absorption, corrosiveness and volatility. If mixed with bacterial microorganisms such as rhizobia, they will kill or inhibit live bacteria and invalidate bacterial fertilizers.
Pesticide and pesticide mixture Pesticide and pesticide mixing is a more complicated problem. Not all pesticides can be mixed. The following points should be noted in mixing: First, pH is an important factor affecting the effectiveness of each component. Under alkaline conditions, dithiocarbamate fungicides such as carbamate, pyrethroid vinegar insecticide, thiram, and dexame ring are prone to hydrolysis or complex chemical changes, thereby destroying the original structure. Under acidic conditions, 2,4-D sodium salt, 2 methyl 4-chloro sodium salt, amitraz and the like are decomposed, thereby reducing the efficacy. Second, organic sulfur and organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with pesticides containing copper preparations. For example, dithiocarbamate fungicides, 2,4-D salt herbicides are mixed with copper preparations, and lose their activity due to complexation with copper ions. Third, microbial source insecticides and systemic organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with fungicides. Fourth, the use of emulsifiable or wettable powders requires no delamination, oil slick, precipitation, etc. Fifth, the phytotoxicity of the mixture should be avoided, and the chemical changes of the active ingredients in the mixture composition may cause phytotoxicity. For example, the combination of the stone sulphur mixture and the Bordeaux mixture may produce harmful copper sulfide, and also increase the soluble copper ion content; Butachlor and the like cannot be mixed with organic phosphorus or carbamate insecticides.
Mixing hormones with pesticides and chemical fertilizers can identify whether hormones can be mixed with other pesticides and fertilizers. The simplest method is to mix agricultural hormones with pesticides or fertilizers in the same container and make a solution. If there is no oil slick, Junction, precipitation or discoloration, heat generation, bubble generation, etc., indicate that they can be mixed. (Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Soil and Fertilizer Institute)
Excerpt from: Fujian Science and Technology News
1. Principles for the mixing of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and hormones
First, after mixing, the original physical and chemical properties can be maintained, and the fertilizer effect, drug effect and hormone can be exerted; secondly, no chemical reaction such as acid-base neutralization, precipitation, hydrolysis, salting out, etc. occurs; The mixture does not produce toxic effects on crops. Fourth, the components in the mixture are more consistent in the efficacy time, application site and use object, and can fully exert their respective effects. Fifth, in the absence of certainty, the test can be carried out in a small range, and it can be mixed when it proves that there is no adverse effect.
Second, fertilizer, pesticides, hormones mixed matters needing attention
Fertilizer and pesticide mixture In general, solid pesticides and fertilizers can be directly mixed, the requirements are not very strict, and solid-liquid mixing or liquid-liquid mixing should first consider the possible changes after mixing, so the following aspects should be paid attention to the mixing of fertilizers : First, alkaline pesticides such as Bordeaux mixture, stone sulphur mixture, rosin mixture, etc. cannot be mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer or ammonium superphosphate such as ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride, otherwise ammonia volatilization or precipitation may occur. , thereby reducing fertilizer efficiency; second, alkaline fertilizers such as ammonia, lime, grass ash can not be with trichlorfon, dimethoate, acesulfame, methamidophos, thiophanate, gangidomycin, carbendazim, leaf è‰, Pesticides such as pyrethroid insecticides are used in combination because most organophosphorus pesticides are prone to decomposition failure under alkaline conditions. Third, chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with microbial pesticides because chemical fertilizers are volatile and corrosive. If they are mixed with microbial pesticides such as acaricidal bacteria and green worms, they are easy to kill microorganisms and reduce the control effect. Fourth, arsenic-containing pesticides cannot be mixed with potassium salts or sodium salts. For example, if calcium arsenate or aluminum arsenate is mixed with potassium salts or sodium salts, soluble arsenic may be produced, thereby causing phytotoxicity. In all the mixed use of fertilizers, the most mixed fertilizers and herbicides, followed by pesticides, and less fungicides.
Mixing chemical fertilizers with chemical fertilizers First, superphosphate cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash, lime nitrogen, lime, etc., otherwise it will reduce the effectiveness of phosphorus; phosphate mineral powder, bone powder and other insoluble phosphate fertilizers can not be combined with plant ash, lime nitrogen, lime Alkaline fertilizers are mixed, otherwise the organic acids in the soil are neutralized, making the insoluble phosphates more difficult to dissolve and the crops cannot be absorbed. Second, alkaline fertilizers such as calcium magnesium phosphate can not be mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, because alkaline fertilizer mixed with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer will increase ammonia volatilization and reduce losses. Third, chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with bacterial fertilizers because they have strong water absorption, corrosiveness and volatility. If mixed with bacterial microorganisms such as rhizobia, they will kill or inhibit live bacteria and invalidate bacterial fertilizers.
Pesticide and pesticide mixture Pesticide and pesticide mixing is a more complicated problem. Not all pesticides can be mixed. The following points should be noted in mixing: First, pH is an important factor affecting the effectiveness of each component. Under alkaline conditions, dithiocarbamate fungicides such as carbamate, pyrethroid vinegar insecticide, thiram, and dexame ring are prone to hydrolysis or complex chemical changes, thereby destroying the original structure. Under acidic conditions, 2,4-D sodium salt, 2 methyl 4-chloro sodium salt, amitraz and the like are decomposed, thereby reducing the efficacy. Second, organic sulfur and organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with pesticides containing copper preparations. For example, dithiocarbamate fungicides, 2,4-D salt herbicides are mixed with copper preparations, and lose their activity due to complexation with copper ions. Third, microbial source insecticides and systemic organophosphorus pesticides cannot be mixed with fungicides. Fourth, the use of emulsifiable or wettable powders requires no delamination, oil slick, precipitation, etc. Fifth, the phytotoxicity of the mixture should be avoided, and the chemical changes of the active ingredients in the mixture composition may cause phytotoxicity. For example, the combination of the stone sulphur mixture and the Bordeaux mixture may produce harmful copper sulfide, and also increase the soluble copper ion content; Butachlor and the like cannot be mixed with organic phosphorus or carbamate insecticides.
Mixing hormones with pesticides and chemical fertilizers can identify whether hormones can be mixed with other pesticides and fertilizers. The simplest method is to mix agricultural hormones with pesticides or fertilizers in the same container and make a solution. If there is no oil slick, Junction, precipitation or discoloration, heat generation, bubble generation, etc., indicate that they can be mixed. (Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Soil and Fertilizer Institute)
Excerpt from: Fujian Science and Technology News
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