Many growers tend to mix fertilizers themselves, but they often encounter various problems during the mixing process. Experts believe that only growers can understand the physical properties of common nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, especially the hygroscopicity, agglomeration, particle size, and pressure resistance, so that the mixed fertilizer can be properly and correctly applied.
Many large planting households tend to mix fertilizers themselves. In the process of mixing, they often encounter various unpredictable and unsuitable problems. In order to help them overcome the technical obstacles related to fertilizer application, common fertilizers are mixed. A brief description of the principles of the application.
The problems encountered in the mixed application of elemental fertilizers are usually defects in the physical properties of the fertilizer, causing inconveniences in storage, transportation and field application. For example, agglomeration, dust, secondary separation of particles and water absorption are too large. Therefore, growers need to understand the physical properties of common nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, especially hygroscopicity, agglomeration and particle size, and pressure resistance.
Avoid fertilizer moisture absorption and agglomeration
Hygroscopicity refers to the ability of a chemical fertilizer to absorb moisture from the air. The agglomeration is related to the moisture absorption on the surface of the elemental fertilizer granules, and the hygroscopic fertilizer is easy to agglomerate. These two properties are very unfavorable for the storage, transportation and application of fertilizers. The principle of fertilizer application requires that the hygroscopicity and agglomeration of the mixture be as small as possible. However, most water-soluble fertilizers absorb water in the air more or less, but there are great differences between different varieties.
It is indicated by the moisture absorption point at normal temperature that a low moisture absorption point indicates that the hygroscopicity is large and the fertilizer is easily deliquescent. Among the common chemical fertilizers, calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate are the lowest (42.7%, 66.5%); ammonium chloride, urea and potassium chloride are medium (79%, 82%, 84%); ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, Potassium sulfate is higher (86%, 91%, 95%). The above data is the hygroscopic point of the simple fertilizer. When the fertilizer is mixed, the hygroscopicity is more obvious than that of the simple substance, and it is easier to absorb water and deliquesce.
Finding the consistency of different fertilizers
Some chemical reactions are often produced during the mixing of two or more elemental fertilizers. Some of these reactions are benign, and some may result in increased hygroscopicity and agglomeration or effective nutrient fixation to reduce fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to select a chemically compatible elemental fertilizer for mixed application. If two chemical fertilizers that are not chemically miscible are blended together, heat, humidity, gas evolution or agglomeration will occur. For example, the mixing of calcium and calcium carbonate leads to the loss of ammonia; ammonium nitrate and urea are completely incompatible two kinds of simple fertilizers. If they are mixed and stacked, the hygroscopicity after mixing is greatly enhanced, resulting in a drier environment. The mixture material is also very easy to absorb moisture, and even dissolves and cannot be applied; urea and superphosphate are two kinds of fertilizers that are mixed in a limited manner, and can be used as they are mixed, and cannot be stored. Especially in the summer high temperature and high humidity season, do not wait for overnight use after mixing. If the two are mixed overnight, the mixture will slowly deliquesce and become a paste.
In the compound fertilizer processing plant, the free acid in the superphosphate is neutralized with ammonium to form ammoniated superphosphate, which can be mixed with urea. For example, in the common elemental nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, the superphosphate and ammonium sulfate are mixed to confirm that the material has good properties and can be directly used as a seed fertilizer or a base fertilizer; while the superphosphate and ammonium hydrogencarbonate are in a limited combination, the two must be fixed. Mix in proportion and use it as a base fertilizer. Do not store. The optimal ratio of the two is that the superphosphate is about 7 to 3 more than ammonium bicarbonate. If the ammonium carbamate is too much, the proportion of the water-soluble phosphorus in the superphosphate is easily lowered.
Mixed application should match the particle size
Mixing of two or more granular fertilizers requires particle size matching, otherwise secondary separation will occur, and the principle of mixing and mixing should be mastered: when several granular fertilizers are mixed, during storage, transportation and application, there may be points. Layer phenomenon leads to uneven fertilization and poor fertilizer efficiency. The delamination problem is related to the uneven size of different fertilizer particles.
Therefore, the particle size of the fertilizer to be mixed should be controlled, and only the mixed fertilizer with the same particle size can achieve uniform fertilization, and the fertilizer efficiency can be guaranteed.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University, Cao Yiping)
Farmers Daily
Many large planting households tend to mix fertilizers themselves. In the process of mixing, they often encounter various unpredictable and unsuitable problems. In order to help them overcome the technical obstacles related to fertilizer application, common fertilizers are mixed. A brief description of the principles of the application.
The problems encountered in the mixed application of elemental fertilizers are usually defects in the physical properties of the fertilizer, causing inconveniences in storage, transportation and field application. For example, agglomeration, dust, secondary separation of particles and water absorption are too large. Therefore, growers need to understand the physical properties of common nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, especially hygroscopicity, agglomeration and particle size, and pressure resistance.
Avoid fertilizer moisture absorption and agglomeration
Hygroscopicity refers to the ability of a chemical fertilizer to absorb moisture from the air. The agglomeration is related to the moisture absorption on the surface of the elemental fertilizer granules, and the hygroscopic fertilizer is easy to agglomerate. These two properties are very unfavorable for the storage, transportation and application of fertilizers. The principle of fertilizer application requires that the hygroscopicity and agglomeration of the mixture be as small as possible. However, most water-soluble fertilizers absorb water in the air more or less, but there are great differences between different varieties.
It is indicated by the moisture absorption point at normal temperature that a low moisture absorption point indicates that the hygroscopicity is large and the fertilizer is easily deliquescent. Among the common chemical fertilizers, calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate are the lowest (42.7%, 66.5%); ammonium chloride, urea and potassium chloride are medium (79%, 82%, 84%); ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, Potassium sulfate is higher (86%, 91%, 95%). The above data is the hygroscopic point of the simple fertilizer. When the fertilizer is mixed, the hygroscopicity is more obvious than that of the simple substance, and it is easier to absorb water and deliquesce.
Finding the consistency of different fertilizers
Some chemical reactions are often produced during the mixing of two or more elemental fertilizers. Some of these reactions are benign, and some may result in increased hygroscopicity and agglomeration or effective nutrient fixation to reduce fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to select a chemically compatible elemental fertilizer for mixed application. If two chemical fertilizers that are not chemically miscible are blended together, heat, humidity, gas evolution or agglomeration will occur. For example, the mixing of calcium and calcium carbonate leads to the loss of ammonia; ammonium nitrate and urea are completely incompatible two kinds of simple fertilizers. If they are mixed and stacked, the hygroscopicity after mixing is greatly enhanced, resulting in a drier environment. The mixture material is also very easy to absorb moisture, and even dissolves and cannot be applied; urea and superphosphate are two kinds of fertilizers that are mixed in a limited manner, and can be used as they are mixed, and cannot be stored. Especially in the summer high temperature and high humidity season, do not wait for overnight use after mixing. If the two are mixed overnight, the mixture will slowly deliquesce and become a paste.
In the compound fertilizer processing plant, the free acid in the superphosphate is neutralized with ammonium to form ammoniated superphosphate, which can be mixed with urea. For example, in the common elemental nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, the superphosphate and ammonium sulfate are mixed to confirm that the material has good properties and can be directly used as a seed fertilizer or a base fertilizer; while the superphosphate and ammonium hydrogencarbonate are in a limited combination, the two must be fixed. Mix in proportion and use it as a base fertilizer. Do not store. The optimal ratio of the two is that the superphosphate is about 7 to 3 more than ammonium bicarbonate. If the ammonium carbamate is too much, the proportion of the water-soluble phosphorus in the superphosphate is easily lowered.
Mixed application should match the particle size
Mixing of two or more granular fertilizers requires particle size matching, otherwise secondary separation will occur, and the principle of mixing and mixing should be mastered: when several granular fertilizers are mixed, during storage, transportation and application, there may be points. Layer phenomenon leads to uneven fertilization and poor fertilizer efficiency. The delamination problem is related to the uneven size of different fertilizer particles.
Therefore, the particle size of the fertilizer to be mixed should be controlled, and only the mixed fertilizer with the same particle size can achieve uniform fertilization, and the fertilizer efficiency can be guaranteed.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University, Cao Yiping)
Farmers Daily
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