The analysis of the quality of pre-buried anchor bolts is essential, as it directly impacts the structural integrity and long-term performance of the building. In addition to the construction quality of the anchor bolts themselves, the quality of the pre-burial process during foundation construction plays a critical role. This includes steps such as steel bar binding, formwork installation, anchor bolt positioning, concrete pouring, curing, and formwork removal. Any inaccuracies during the pre-burial phase—such as improper spatial alignment, incorrect geometric dimensions, or inadequate fixation—can lead to significant issues later on.
The main factors affecting the quality of pre-buried anchor bolts are the precision of the formwork installation and the stability of the foundation. These elements serve as the basis for accurate placement of the anchor bolts. The formwork not only shapes the concrete according to design specifications but also acts as a working platform and safety support. Therefore, ensuring that the anchor bolts are securely fastened to the formwork is crucial for maintaining their correct position during the entire construction process.
In this project, the construction site was originally a pond channel, and the building area was formed by backfilling. However, the backfill contained a large amount of domestic waste, including plastics and used tires, which made the soil composition unstable. During the installation of the foundation formwork, the side supports were fixed on the slope, which was composed of unstable backfill material. This led to poor soil strength and instability, causing some template supports to fail. As a result, the templates deformed under the weight of the poured concrete, leading to misalignment of the embedded anchor bolts.
Another key factor in the quality issue was the lack of proper control during the concrete pouring process. If the construction workers do not take care to protect the pre-buried anchor bolts, rough handling can cause them to bend or shift. Additionally, over-pouring of the concrete can reduce the exposed length of the anchor bolts, making it difficult to install the structure properly. Poorly controlled pouring can also result in serious defects like honeycombing or leakage, which may render the concrete members unsuitable for use and prevent the anchor bolts from being functional.
To address these issues, several corrective actions were taken. For minor deviations (up to 10 mm), straightening was performed. When displacement affected the installation of the column base plate, the base plate was reamed, and a 50x50 mm pad was added to match the thickness before welding and securing the foot nut. If the exposed length of the anchor bolt was insufficient due to over-pouring, the excess concrete was cut away. If the anchor bolt had sunk, the internal bolt was machined to extend its length.
To prevent future problems, the formwork support system was reinforced, especially in areas with weak soil. The number of supports was increased to improve stability. Additionally, training sessions were held for the concrete pouring team to raise awareness about protecting the finished anchor bolts and improving overall construction quality.
By implementing these measures, the project was able to recover from the initial setbacks. The management of subsequent construction was strengthened, ensuring smoother progress in the installation of anchor bolts for the 2# and 7# plants. These efforts helped eliminate potential quality risks and ensured the successful completion of the project.
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