Mr. Zhu, a resident of Dalian, purchased an electric water heater with an enamel-lined tank three years ago. Since last winter, he has noticed small leaks. After contacting the service technician, he was informed that the magnesium rod inside the unit needs to be replaced.
Wang Guosheng, an appliance engineer and member of the Dalian Consumers Association expert group, explained that during routine maintenance, it's common to find that many appliance failures result from users not fully understanding the product's features. For instance, in enamel-lined electric water heaters, the enamel can gradually dissolve and flake off due to continuous exposure to hot water—a process known as "boiling water weight loss." This exposes the underlying steel plate, which often contains impurities like carbon and sulfur, making it prone to corrosion and leakage. The magnesium rod serves as a sacrificial component, corroding instead of the steel tank to protect it. Based on his experience, Wang recommends replacing the magnesium rod every one to two years. However, the rate of corrosion depends on local water quality, so users should assess the condition of the rod and replace it accordingly. If the magnesium rod is completely consumed, the water heater will likely develop leaks. Once the enamel lining is damaged, repairs become both difficult and expensive.
So, if a water heater malfunctions, can consumers seek compensation from the manufacturer? According to lawyer Wang Benhai from Liaoning Zhaoming Law Firm, under the National Standardization Administration Committee's "Safety Rules for the Use of Household Appliances," the expected safe lifespan of an electric water heater is around eight years. The magnesium rod, being a fragile part, requires regular replacement. Manufacturers are required to clearly state this in the user manual. If the manual does not mention this, it could be considered a failure to provide necessary information about the product’s performance. Under the Product Quality Law, the seller or manufacturer may be held responsible. However, if the instruction manual clearly states the need for periodic magnesium rod replacement, the manufacturer or seller may not be liable for such maintenance. It's important for consumers to read and follow the guidelines provided by the manufacturer to avoid unnecessary issues.
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