Organic solar cells bring great promise to the photovoltaic industry, but their commercialization is still a long way.
Organic polymer solar cells (PSCs) have been stalled due to high raw material prices, short service life, and low conversion efficiency. But they have the characteristics of light weight, transparency, flexibility, and roll-to-roll production, showing potential niche market opportunities.
The "Renewable and Sustainable Energy" magazine recently published a research report entitled "Polymer Solar Cells: P3HT:PCBM", which shows recent progress in this area and the challenges it faces. One of the authors, Paul Berger of the Ohio State University in the United States, said that due to the flexible nature of PSC, it can be placed on almost any item. No high-voltage transmission lines are required, and instead of toxic batteries, electricity can be supplied to point-of-use equipment. "This is a disruptive business model."
Polymers can be dissolved in solvents and printed onto flexible backings through economically viable roll-to-roll production, making this technology particularly attractive. Packaging the PSC to prevent rapid degradation can solve the problem of short economic life, but this process is very effective on glass and is difficult on flexible surfaces.
At present, the laboratory efficiency of PSC is about 13%, which is far below the 20% efficiency of commercial solar panels. However, in recent years, the development of chemical, geometric and multi-layer solar cells has made it possible to be more efficient.
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