In mid-March this year, the North China Environmental Protection Supervision Center under the Ministry of Environmental Protection conducted a thorough inspection of iron and steel enterprises in Hebei Province. This initiative highlighted the crucial role environmental protection plays in driving the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries. At the same time, it served as a strong warning to the steel sector that a complete transformation is necessary—not just focusing on short-term profits while ignoring long-term environmental costs.
From May 9th to 12th, reporters reached out to environmental experts, manufacturers, and steel factory owners to explore the key challenges revealed during the inspection. The findings pointed to serious issues across nearly 300 steel enterprises in Hebei. Many had outdated sintering machines and desulfurization systems that did not meet industrial standards, along with poor design, low emission control levels, and weak management practices.
The inspection uncovered 49 sintering machines smaller than 90 square meters, which are out of compliance with national policies, and 44 blast furnaces below 400 cubic meters. It was also found that 60% of operating companies faced environmental issues, with 70% of them having faulty dust removal systems. Most facilities had significant uncontrolled emissions, and over 80% of wastewater was used for slag and quenching after only basic filtration, leading to pollution being transferred from liquid to gaseous form.
Professor Xu Manxing, an expert in metallurgy at the University of Science and Technology Beijing, emphasized the importance of reducing sulfur dioxide emissions from the sintering process. He noted that this step is critical for overall emissions reduction in the steel industry, given its high energy consumption and significant contribution to air pollution. With Hebei being the top steel-producing province, the need for improvement is clear.
A representative from the Hebei Iron and Steel Industry Association stated that many steel companies have yet to install or upgrade desulfurization equipment. Only 53 out of 165 sintering machines in major enterprises have such systems. The goal is to eliminate all sintering machines under 90 square meters by the end of the year and achieve full desulfurization by 2015, ensuring sulfur dioxide emissions per ton of steel fall below 1.0 kg.
However, many steel factory owners reported that desulfurization systems were not functioning properly due to technical limitations, high costs, and poor management. The actual desulfurization efficiency was only around 50%, far below the designed 90%.
Industry insiders identified several reasons behind these challenges: lack of technical guidance, high investment and operational costs, weak industry regulation, and low-quality construction. Additionally, many environmental protection facilities lacked automation, making monitoring difficult and increasing the risk of human error.
In response, industry leaders proposed five key suggestions. First, they called for innovation in construction models, encouraging the use of project general contracting and operation models to improve performance. Second, they urged stricter industry management and higher access standards for environmental companies. Third, they recommended establishing a review system for environmental projects before construction. Fourth, they emphasized the need to promote the reuse of by-products. Lastly, they called for stronger government support and policy enforcement to ensure effective transformation and compliance.
With rising environmental regulations and stricter oversight, steel companies must now prioritize sustainable and efficient desulfurization technologies to meet new standards and protect both the environment and their long-term viability.
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