As the recent cold air activity in our country has become weaker, wind speeds have decreased, and atmospheric conditions have remained relatively stable. This has made it harder for pollutants to disperse, leading to their accumulation near the ground and an increase in hazy weather. The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the China Meteorological Administration recently confirmed that haze can negatively impact reproductive health, raising concerns among citizens about the worsening air quality. In response, protective masks have gained popularity as a practical solution.
Wu Xiaomei, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine at Harbin Medical University’s Second Affiliated Hospital, emphasized that dust masks are essential during smoggy days. She stressed that prevention is more important than treatment when air quality suddenly deteriorates. Choosing the right mask is crucial for protecting respiratory health. According to Wu, there are currently six types of masks available on the market, including N95 masks, medical gauze masks, blue disinfection masks, common white cotton masks, and chemical fiber masks.
But how can consumers determine which masks are truly effective? Recently, the Shanghai Consumer Council conducted tests on various mask products sold online and in physical stores, including 3M N95 particulate respirators. The results revealed that many advertised products did not meet expectations, with over 30% failing to fit properly and provide adequate protection. Out of 17 samples tested, four were classified as labor protection items, two didn’t meet GB 2626-2006 standards, and 13 lacked clear product information.
The test results showed a wide variation in performance. While seven masks had filtration efficiency above 90%, eight had less than 50%, with one as low as 6.5%. Filtering efficiency is a key factor, but tightness also matters. Only five samples had leakage rates under 10%, while 35% had leakage over 50%, including some popular brands like “Sweet Beauty†activated carbon masks from Jingdong.
Product labeling was another issue. Many masks lacked necessary information such as product name, manufacturer, model, standards, or instructions. Eleven samples were missing critical details, and two had no Chinese text, making them “three-no†products.
Experts from 3M and Honeywell clarified common misconceptions. Cotton or cartoon masks offer little protection against PM2.5 particles, while gauze masks are not designed for particulate filtration. Activated carbon masks may reduce odors but don’t improve particle protection. KN95 and N95 masks are recommended for non-oily particles, offering 95% filtration efficiency. Reusing masks after washing is discouraged due to increased resistance and potential health risks.
For children and the elderly, masks with electrostatically treated materials are preferable. Masks with valves may be uncomfortable for these groups due to higher breathing resistance. It's best for them to limit outdoor exposure during severe pollution.
In Shijiazhuang, pharmacies have placed PM2.5 masks in prominent locations. These masks are thicker, with raised nose ridges and special filters. Prices range from 20 to 40 yuan, much higher than regular masks. Sales have been brisk, especially during high-pollution periods. Online, sales reach up to 20,000 units monthly, primarily in regions affected by haze.
With increasing awareness of air pollution dangers, the market for protective masks is expected to grow. Competition will intensify, and innovation in design and comfort will likely follow. Doctors also advise people to clean their noses and mouths after returning indoors and to keep emergency medication on hand, especially for those with respiratory conditions. Wearing proper masks and taking preventive measures are now more important than ever.
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